Regulatory framework for lobbying, conflict of interest and political finance
Review of the regulatory framework for transparency in lobbying activities, management of conflict-of-interest situations, and financing of political parties and campaigns.
| Value | |
|---|---|
| Lobbying activities are defined in the regulatory framework, including which actors are considered as lobbyists. | |
| Cooling off periods for public officials and lobbyists are established in the regulatory framework. | |
| Regulations list incompatibilities between public functions and other public or private activities. | |
| Regulations define circumstances and relationships that can lead to conflict-of-interest situations for public officials and establish the obligation to manage them. | |
| Regulations define institutional responsibilities as well as submission, compliance, and content verification procedures for conflict-of-interest or interest declarations. | |
| Any member of the Government must submit an interest declaration, as a minimum upon entry and any renewal or change in public office. | |
| Any member of the parliament must submit an interest declaration, as a minimum upon entry and any renewal or change in public office. | |
| Any member of the highest bodies of the judiciary must submit an interest declaration, as a minimum upon entry and any renewal or change in public office. | |
| Any public employee in a high-risk position must submit an interest declaration, as a minimum upon entry and any renewal or change in public office. | |
| Any newly appointed or reappointed top-tier civil servant of the executive branch must submit an interest declaration. | |
| Sanctions for breaches of conflict-of-interest provisions are defined and proportional to the severity of the offence. | |
| Sanctions for breaches of political finance and election campaign regulations are defined and proportional to the severity of the offence. | |
| Sanctions for breaches of standards for transparency and integrity in lobbying are defined and proportional to the severity of the offence. | |
| Electoral candidates can be held personally liable for breaches and be sanctioned. | |
| Regulations require the administration to inform those likely to be affected by the policy changes and other stakeholders in advance that a public consultation is to take place. | |
| Regulations ban anonymous donations, and all contributions made to political parties and/or candidates must be registered and reported. | |
| Regulations ban contributions from foreign states or enterprises. | |
| Regulations ban contributions from publically owned enterprises. | |
| Electoral campaign expenses for parties, candidates and third parties are limited to a ceiling. | |
| Parties and/or candidates must report their finances (funding and expenses) during electoral campaigns. | |
| Regulations ban the use of public funds and resources in favour of or against a political party. | |
| Regulations set a threshold for personal contributions to candidates’ personal campaigns. | |
| Political parties must make financial reports public, including all contributions exceeding a fixed ceiling. | |
| Beneficial ownership rules make mandatory the disclosure of company data to identify owners of corporations, establish a central register, and make information accessible to the public. |